{"id":873,"date":"2024-02-28T10:55:04","date_gmt":"2024-02-28T10:55:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/antoanhanghai.com\/?p=873"},"modified":"2025-03-12T11:37:45","modified_gmt":"2025-03-12T04:37:45","slug":"hai-do-dien-tu-ecdis-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/antoanhanghai.com\/en\/hai-do-dien-tu-ecdis-2\/","title":{"rendered":"Nghi\u00ean C\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 H\u1ec7 Th\u1ed1ng Hi\u1ec3n Th\u1ecb Th\u00f4ng tin v\u00e0 H\u1ea3i \u0110\u1ed3 \u0110i\u1ec7n T\u1eed (ECDIS)"},"content":{"rendered":"

H\u1ea3i \u0110\u1ed3 \u0110i\u1ec7n T\u1eed ECDIS<\/h1>\n

1. Gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u<\/strong><\/p>\n

Trong ng\u00e0nh h\u00e0ng h\u1ea3i hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i, H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng Hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb Th\u00f4ng tin v\u00e0 H\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed3 \u0110i\u1ec7n t\u1eed (ECDIS) \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00e0ng h\u1ea3i. ECDIS l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn, cung c\u1ea5p cho c\u00e1c t\u00e0u bi\u1ec3n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ecba l\u00fd bi\u1ec3n \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed v\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p th\u00f4ng tin h\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed3 s\u1ed1 cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n t\u00e0u. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch thay th\u1ebf c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng h\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed3 gi\u1ea5y truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng, ECDIS gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m nguy c\u01a1 va ch\u1ea1m, \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c h\u01a1n v\u00e0 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng trong c\u00e1c t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng kh\u1ea9n c\u1ea5p.<\/p>\n

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2. L\u1ecbch s\u1eed v\u00e0 Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n<\/strong><\/p>\n

H\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed3 \u0110i\u1ec7n t\u1eed (ECDIS) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1980 v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebfu trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n t\u00e0u bi\u1ec3n hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i. T\u1eeb khi T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c H\u00e0ng h\u1ea3i Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf (IMO) y\u00eau c\u1ea7u t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c t\u00e0u m\u1edbi v\u00e0 t\u00e0u c\u0169 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trang b\u1ecb ECDIS, c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1ea3i qua s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 trong thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf, t\u00ednh n\u0103ng v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n

3. C\u01a1 s\u1edf L\u00fd lu\u1eadn v\u00e0 Nguy\u00ean l\u00fd ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/strong><\/p>\n

H\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed3 \u0110i\u1ec7n t\u1eed (ECDIS) ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean nguy\u00ean l\u00fd s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c B\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 \u0110i\u1ec7n t\u1eed H\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed3 (ENC) \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u1ecba l\u00fd bi\u1ec3n. ENC l\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed ch\u1ee9a th\u00f4ng tin chi ti\u1ebft v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t tr\u00ean bi\u1ec3n nh\u01b0 h\u1ea3i \u0111\u0103ng, v\u00f9ng n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u00e2u, r\u1ea1n san h\u00f4 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u1edbng ng\u1ea1i v\u1eadt kh\u00e1c. ECDIS nh\u1eadn d\u1eef li\u1ec7u t\u1eeb c\u00e1c c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn tr\u00ean t\u00e0u nh\u01b0 GPS, radar v\u00e0 AIS (Automatic Identification System), v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng th\u00f4ng tin n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a t\u00e0u tr\u00ean b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 ENC. ENC (Electronic Navigation Chart) kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 ECDIS (Electronic Chart Display and Information System). ENC l\u00e0 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed, trong khi ECDIS l\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb th\u00f4ng tin v\u00e0 h\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u00e1c b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 ENC. ENC ch\u1ee9a c\u00e1c d\u1eef li\u1ec7u chi ti\u1ebft v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ecba l\u00fd bi\u1ec3n, trong khi ECDIS l\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c ENC \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb th\u00f4ng tin v\u00e0 h\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed tr\u00ean m\u00e0n h\u00ecnh cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n t\u00e0u. ECDIS c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a t\u00e0u tr\u00ean b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 ENC v\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o nguy hi\u1ec3m v\u00e0 th\u00f4ng tin h\u00e0nh h\u1ea3i kh\u00e1c. Do \u0111\u00f3, ECDIS th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i k\u00e8m v\u1edbi c\u00e1c b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 ENC \u0111\u1ec3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n

H\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed, th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ENC (Electronic Navigation Chart), l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i h\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed3 vector ch\u1ee9a \u0111\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng tin h\u00e0ng h\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a v\u1ec1 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac, n\u1ed9i dung v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng, tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 theo ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n S-57 c\u1ee7a T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c Th\u1ee7y \u0110\u1ea1c Qu\u1ed1c T\u1ebf (IHO). ENC l\u00e0 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 n\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng Hi\u1ec3n Th\u1ecb Th\u00f4ng Tin v\u00e0 H\u1ea3i \u0110\u1ed3 \u0110i\u1ec7n T\u1eed (ECDIS).<\/p>\n

Theo ngh\u1ecb quy\u1ebft c\u1ee7a T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c H\u00e0ng H\u1ea3i Qu\u1ed1c T\u1ebf IMO, k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb th\u00e1ng 7 n\u0103m 2012, vi\u1ec7c trang b\u1ecb h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng Hi\u1ec3n Th\u1ecb Th\u00f4ng Tin v\u00e0 H\u1ea3i \u0110\u1ed3 \u0110i\u1ec7n T\u1eed (ECDIS) tr\u00ean c\u00e1c t\u00e0u h\u00e0ng h\u1ea3i l\u00e0 b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c H\u1ea3i \u0110\u1ed3 \u0110i\u1ec7n T\u1eed (ENCs) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 n\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ECDIS. Khi t\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb nh\u01b0 GPS, Rada, m\u00e1y \u0111o s\u00e2u h\u1ed3i \u00e2m, ECDIS s\u1ebd hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u00e1c con t\u00e0u theo th\u1eddi gian th\u1ef1c (realtime) c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng tin c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh nh\u01b0 c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o nguy hi\u1ec3m, ch\u01b0\u1edbng ng\u1ea1i v\u1eadt, b\u00e3i c\u1ea1n, qui ho\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 theo d\u00f5i l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh h\u00e0nh h\u1ea3i.<\/p>\n

H\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed (ENC) cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1t c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng tin phong ph\u00fa h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi h\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed3 gi\u1ea5y. Ngo\u00e0i c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng tin c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n, ENC c\u00f2n bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng tin b\u1ed5 sung nh\u01b0 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c chi ti\u1ebft h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 h\u00e0nh h\u1ea3i nh\u01b0 h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh c\u00e1c h\u1ea3i \u0111\u0103ng, phao ti\u00eau. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, m\u1ed9t phao ti\u00eau h\u00e0ng h\u1ea3i tr\u00ean ENC ph\u1ea3i cung c\u1ea5p th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 h\u00ecnh d\u00e1ng, t\u00ean g\u1ecdi, m\u00e0u s\u1eafc, \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac, \u0111\u1ed9 cao, h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh, \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh chi\u1ebfu s\u00e1ng v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u th\u00f4ng tin kh\u00e1c. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn c\u00e1c l\u1edbp \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ea7n hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb tr\u00ean m\u00e0n h\u00ecnh ECDIS t\u00f9y theo nhu c\u1ea7u s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, gi\u00fap h\u1ecd d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd th\u00f4ng tin v\u00e0 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a vi\u1ec7c \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n t\u00e0u.<\/p>\n

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4. C\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng v\u00e0 \u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m<\/strong><\/p>\n

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H\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed3 \u0110i\u1ec7n t\u1eed (ECDIS) cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1t c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng v\u00e0 \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m, bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n

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– Hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb \u0111a d\u1ea1ng:<\/em> ECDIS cho ph\u00e9p hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb nhi\u1ec1u l\u1edbp th\u00f4ng tin kh\u00e1c nhau tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t m\u00e0n h\u00ecnh duy nh\u1ea5t, bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng bi\u00ean, \u0111\u1ecba danh, bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 th\u1ee7y v\u0103n v\u00e0 th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e2u.<\/p>\n

– C\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o nguy hi\u1ec3m:<\/em> H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng cung c\u1ea5p c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o nguy hi\u1ec3m v\u00e0 th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n t\u00e0u v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u1edbng ng\u1ea1i v\u1eadt tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng nguy hi\u1ec3m ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n.<\/p>\n

– Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh:<\/em> ECDIS cho ph\u00e9p l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh h\u00e0nh h\u1ea3i, t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111i \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/p>\n

– Ghi nh\u1eadn d\u1eef li\u1ec7u:<\/em> H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ghi l\u1ea1i d\u1eef li\u1ec7u h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh v\u00e0 c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n quan tr\u1ecdng, h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111i\u1ec1u tra tai n\u1ea1n v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n

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5. Th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 C\u01a1 h\u1ed9i<\/strong><\/p>\n

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M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 ECDIS mang l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ee3i \u00edch, nh\u01b0ng vi\u1ec7c tri\u1ec3n khai v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 n\u00e0y c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ed1i di\u1ec7n v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch v\u1edbi c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng kh\u00e1c tr\u00ean t\u00e0u v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt. Tuy nhi\u00ean, v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3, ECDIS m\u1edf ra c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00e2ng cao an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t h\u1ea3i quan.<\/p>\n

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H\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed3 \u0110i\u1ec7n t\u1eed (ECDIS) \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a h\u1ea3i quan. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch cung c\u1ea5p th\u00f4ng tin h\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed3 s\u1ed1 v\u00e0 c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o nguy hi\u1ec3m, n\u00f3 gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u nguy c\u01a1 va ch\u1ea1m v\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 quan tr\u1ecdng cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n t\u00e0u. Tuy nhi\u00ean, \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 n\u00e0y, c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 v\u00e0o \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 vi\u1ec7c th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y s\u1ef1 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng tr\u00ean t\u00e0u v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i.<\/p>\n

G\u1ecdi 097 800 1968, N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 th\u00eam th\u00f4ng tin ! Tr\u00e2n tr\u1ecdng<\/h2>\n

LINK<\/p>\n

IMO :<\/a>
\nVR:<\/a>
\nNK<\/a>
\nBV<\/a>
\nABS<\/a>
\nCCS<\/a><\/p>\n

Tai N\u1ea1n T\u00e0u Container MV Rena<\/a><\/p>\n

Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n IMO<\/a><\/p>\n

Th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 k\u0129 thu\u1eadt S\u1ea3n Ph\u1ea9m\u00a0<\/a><\/p>\n

Ti\u00eau ch\u00ed l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p Ecdis\u00a0<\/a><\/p>\n

C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a ECDIS\u00a0<\/a><\/p>\n

Video S\u1ea3n Ph\u1ea9m<\/a><\/p>\n

Video Youtube v\u1ec1 t\u1ea1o Route c\u1ee7a th\u1ee7y th\u1ee7<\/a><\/p>\n

Video Youtube v\u1ec1 Playback v\u00e0 Replay t\u1eeb Th\u1ee7y th\u1ee7<\/a><\/p>\n

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 <\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

H\u1ea3i \u0110\u1ed3 \u0110i\u1ec7n T\u1eed ECDIS 1. Gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u Trong ng\u00e0nh h\u00e0ng h\u1ea3i hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i, H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng Hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb Th\u00f4ng tin v\u00e0 H\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed3 \u0110i\u1ec7n t\u1eed (ECDIS) \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00e0ng h\u1ea3i. ECDIS l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn, cung c\u1ea5p cho c\u00e1c t\u00e0u bi\u1ec3n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ecba l\u00fd bi\u1ec3n \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed v\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p th\u00f4ng tin h\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed3 s\u1ed1 cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n t\u00e0u. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch thay th\u1ebf c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng h\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed3 gi\u1ea5y truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng, ECDIS gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m nguy c\u01a1 va ch\u1ea1m, \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c h\u01a1n v\u00e0 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng trong c\u00e1c t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng kh\u1ea9n c\u1ea5p.   2. L\u1ecbch s\u1eed v\u00e0 Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n H\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed3 \u0110i\u1ec7n t\u1eed (ECDIS) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1980 v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebfu trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n t\u00e0u bi\u1ec3n hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i. T\u1eeb khi T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c H\u00e0ng h\u1ea3i Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf (IMO) y\u00eau c\u1ea7u t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c t\u00e0u m\u1edbi v\u00e0 t\u00e0u c\u0169 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trang b\u1ecb ECDIS, c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1ea3i qua s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 trong thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf, t\u00ednh n\u0103ng v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t. 3. C\u01a1 s\u1edf L\u00fd lu\u1eadn v\u00e0 Nguy\u00ean l\u00fd ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng H\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed3 \u0110i\u1ec7n t\u1eed (ECDIS) ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean nguy\u00ean l\u00fd s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c B\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 \u0110i\u1ec7n t\u1eed H\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed3 (ENC) \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u1ecba l\u00fd bi\u1ec3n. ENC l\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed ch\u1ee9a th\u00f4ng tin chi ti\u1ebft v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t tr\u00ean bi\u1ec3n nh\u01b0 h\u1ea3i \u0111\u0103ng, v\u00f9ng n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u00e2u, r\u1ea1n san h\u00f4 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u1edbng ng\u1ea1i v\u1eadt kh\u00e1c. ECDIS nh\u1eadn d\u1eef li\u1ec7u t\u1eeb c\u00e1c c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn tr\u00ean t\u00e0u nh\u01b0 GPS, radar v\u00e0 AIS (Automatic Identification System), v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng th\u00f4ng tin n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a t\u00e0u tr\u00ean b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 ENC. ENC (Electronic Navigation Chart) kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 ECDIS (Electronic Chart Display and Information System). ENC l\u00e0 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed, trong khi ECDIS l\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb th\u00f4ng tin v\u00e0 h\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u00e1c b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 ENC. ENC ch\u1ee9a c\u00e1c d\u1eef li\u1ec7u chi ti\u1ebft v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ecba l\u00fd bi\u1ec3n, trong khi ECDIS l\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c ENC \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb th\u00f4ng tin v\u00e0 h\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed tr\u00ean m\u00e0n h\u00ecnh cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n t\u00e0u. ECDIS c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a t\u00e0u tr\u00ean b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 ENC v\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o nguy hi\u1ec3m v\u00e0 th\u00f4ng tin h\u00e0nh h\u1ea3i kh\u00e1c. Do \u0111\u00f3, ECDIS th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i k\u00e8m v\u1edbi c\u00e1c b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 ENC \u0111\u1ec3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng. H\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed, th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ENC (Electronic Navigation Chart), l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i h\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed3 vector ch\u1ee9a \u0111\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng tin h\u00e0ng h\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a v\u1ec1 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac, n\u1ed9i dung v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng, tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 theo ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n S-57 c\u1ee7a T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c Th\u1ee7y \u0110\u1ea1c Qu\u1ed1c T\u1ebf (IHO). ENC l\u00e0 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 n\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng Hi\u1ec3n Th\u1ecb Th\u00f4ng Tin v\u00e0 H\u1ea3i \u0110\u1ed3 \u0110i\u1ec7n T\u1eed (ECDIS). Theo ngh\u1ecb quy\u1ebft c\u1ee7a T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c H\u00e0ng H\u1ea3i Qu\u1ed1c T\u1ebf IMO, k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb th\u00e1ng 7 n\u0103m 2012, vi\u1ec7c trang b\u1ecb h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng Hi\u1ec3n Th\u1ecb Th\u00f4ng Tin v\u00e0 H\u1ea3i \u0110\u1ed3 \u0110i\u1ec7n T\u1eed (ECDIS) tr\u00ean c\u00e1c t\u00e0u h\u00e0ng h\u1ea3i l\u00e0 b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c H\u1ea3i \u0110\u1ed3 \u0110i\u1ec7n T\u1eed (ENCs) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 n\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ECDIS. Khi t\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb nh\u01b0 GPS, Rada, m\u00e1y \u0111o s\u00e2u h\u1ed3i \u00e2m, ECDIS s\u1ebd hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u00e1c con t\u00e0u theo th\u1eddi gian th\u1ef1c (realtime) c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng tin c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh nh\u01b0 c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o nguy hi\u1ec3m, ch\u01b0\u1edbng ng\u1ea1i v\u1eadt, b\u00e3i c\u1ea1n, qui ho\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 theo d\u00f5i l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh h\u00e0nh h\u1ea3i. H\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed (ENC) cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1t c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng tin phong ph\u00fa h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi h\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed3 gi\u1ea5y. Ngo\u00e0i c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng tin c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n, ENC c\u00f2n bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng tin b\u1ed5 sung nh\u01b0 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c chi ti\u1ebft h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 h\u00e0nh h\u1ea3i nh\u01b0 h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh c\u00e1c h\u1ea3i \u0111\u0103ng, phao ti\u00eau. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, m\u1ed9t phao ti\u00eau h\u00e0ng h\u1ea3i tr\u00ean ENC ph\u1ea3i cung c\u1ea5p th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 h\u00ecnh d\u00e1ng, t\u00ean g\u1ecdi, m\u00e0u s\u1eafc, \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac, \u0111\u1ed9 cao, h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh, \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh chi\u1ebfu s\u00e1ng v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u th\u00f4ng tin kh\u00e1c. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn c\u00e1c l\u1edbp \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ea7n hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb tr\u00ean m\u00e0n h\u00ecnh ECDIS t\u00f9y theo nhu c\u1ea7u s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, gi\u00fap h\u1ecd d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd th\u00f4ng tin v\u00e0 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a vi\u1ec7c \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n t\u00e0u.     4. C\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng v\u00e0 \u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m   H\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed3 \u0110i\u1ec7n t\u1eed (ECDIS) cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1t c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng v\u00e0 \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m, bao g\u1ed3m:   – Hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb \u0111a d\u1ea1ng: ECDIS cho ph\u00e9p hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb nhi\u1ec1u l\u1edbp th\u00f4ng tin kh\u00e1c nhau tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t m\u00e0n h\u00ecnh duy nh\u1ea5t, bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng bi\u00ean, \u0111\u1ecba danh, bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 th\u1ee7y v\u0103n v\u00e0 th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e2u. – C\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o nguy hi\u1ec3m: H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng cung c\u1ea5p c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o nguy hi\u1ec3m v\u00e0 th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n t\u00e0u v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u1edbng ng\u1ea1i v\u1eadt tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng nguy hi\u1ec3m ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n. – Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh: ECDIS cho ph\u00e9p l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh h\u00e0nh h\u1ea3i, t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111i \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3. – Ghi nh\u1eadn d\u1eef li\u1ec7u: H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ghi l\u1ea1i d\u1eef li\u1ec7u h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh v\u00e0 c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n quan tr\u1ecdng, h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111i\u1ec1u tra tai n\u1ea1n v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t.   5. Th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 C\u01a1 h\u1ed9i   M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 ECDIS mang l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ee3i \u00edch, nh\u01b0ng vi\u1ec7c tri\u1ec3n khai v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 n\u00e0y c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ed1i di\u1ec7n v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch v\u1edbi c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng kh\u00e1c tr\u00ean t\u00e0u v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt. Tuy nhi\u00ean, v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":875,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[158],"tags":[127,126,128],"class_list":["post-873","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-update-news","tag-ecdis","tag-hai-do-dien-tu","tag-nes-3000"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/antoanhanghai.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/873","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/antoanhanghai.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/antoanhanghai.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/antoanhanghai.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/antoanhanghai.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=873"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/antoanhanghai.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/873\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4153,"href":"https:\/\/antoanhanghai.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/873\/revisions\/4153"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/antoanhanghai.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/875"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/antoanhanghai.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=873"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/antoanhanghai.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=873"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/antoanhanghai.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=873"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}