{"id":4237,"date":"2025-03-13T23:45:55","date_gmt":"2025-03-13T16:45:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/antoanhanghai.com\/?p=4237"},"modified":"2025-03-13T23:45:55","modified_gmt":"2025-03-13T16:45:55","slug":"ais-epirb-la-gi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/antoanhanghai.com\/en\/ais-epirb-la-gi\/","title":{"rendered":"AIS EPIRB L\u00e0 G\u00ec ?"},"content":{"rendered":"

AIS EPIRB<\/strong><\/h1>\n

1. AIS EPIRB l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/strong><\/h2>\n

AIS EPIRB l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i phao v\u00f4 tuy\u1ebfn ch\u1ec9 b\u00e1o v\u1ecb tr\u00ed kh\u1ea9n c\u1ea5p (EPIRB) t\u00edch h\u1ee3p c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 AIS (Automatic Identification System). Thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb n\u00e0y ph\u00e1t t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c t\u00e0u, m\u00e1y bay ho\u1eb7c tr\u1ea1m \u0111i\u1ec1u ph\u1ed1i c\u1ee9u h\u1ed9 g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00f3 khi g\u1eb7p s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 tr\u00ean bi\u1ec3n.<\/p>\n

Kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c EPIRB truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng (ch\u1ec9 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u v\u1ec7 tinh qua h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng Cospas-Sarsat), AIS EPIRB ph\u00e1t t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp qua m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi AIS, gi\u00fap t\u0103ng t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c trong vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb tr\u00ed t\u00e0u b\u1ecb n\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n

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2. Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n m\u1edbi c\u1ee7a IMO<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Theo y\u00eau c\u1ea7u m\u1edbi nh\u1ea5t t\u1eeb IMO, c\u00e1c t\u00e0u bi\u1ec3n ph\u1ea3i tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u1ee9u sinh, bao g\u1ed3m vi\u1ec7c c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 AIS EPIRB \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an to\u00e0n cho thuy\u1ec1n vi\u00ean v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh kh\u00e1ch. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt v\u1ec1 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n m\u1edbi li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn AIS EPIRB bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n

Hi\u1ec7u l\u1ef1c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng <\/strong>:<\/h3>\n

C\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n m\u1edbi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tri\u1ec3n khai t\u1eeb n\u0103m 2022 v\u00e0 s\u1ebd \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c t\u00e0u thu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea1m vi SOLAS (International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea).<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\"AIS
AIS EPIRB<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt <\/strong>:<\/h3>\n

Theo c\u00e1c thay \u0111\u1ed5i trong MSC.471(101)<\/strong>, t\u1eeb ng\u00e0y 1\/7\/2022<\/strong>, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c EPIRB \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u00ean t\u00e0u ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng AIS, GNSS, v\u00e0 RLS<\/strong><\/p>\n

+ AIS (Automatic Identification System): <\/strong>Gi\u00fap t\u00e0u thuy\u1ec1n g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00f3 nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u b\u00e1o n\u1ea1n nhanh ch\u00f3ng, h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 SAR (Search and Rescue) hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n

+ GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System – GPS, Galileo, Glonass):\u00a0<\/strong>X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb tr\u00ed ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee9u h\u1ed9.<\/p>\n

+ RLS (Return Link Service): <\/strong>Ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u1eb7p n\u1ea1n nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u c\u1ea5p c\u1ee9u \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thu nh\u1eadn.<\/p>\n

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\"\"<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

RLS (Return Link Service)<\/strong> l\u00e0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u c\u1ea5p c\u1ee9u, gi\u00fap ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u1eb7p n\u1ea1n nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u kh\u1ea9n c\u1ea5p c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eadn.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1ch ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a RLS trong AIS EPIRB:<\/h4>\n
    \n
  1. Khi EPIRB \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t<\/strong>, n\u00f3 s\u1ebd g\u1eedi t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u b\u00e1o n\u1ea1n l\u00ean v\u1ec7 tinh Cospas-Sarsat c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi v\u1ecb tr\u00ed GNSS c\u1ee7a t\u00e0u.<\/li>\n
  2. Trung t\u00e2m \u0111i\u1ec1u ph\u1ed1i c\u1ee9u h\u1ed9 (RCC) nh\u1eadn t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u<\/strong> v\u00e0 x\u00e1c minh t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng b\u00e1o n\u1ea1n.<\/li>\n
  3. V\u1ec7 tinh g\u1eedi t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i (RLS) ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i EPIRB<\/strong>, b\u00e1o cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u1eb7p n\u1ea1n bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eadn v\u00e0 c\u1ee9u h\u1ed9 \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tri\u1ec3n khai.<\/li>\n
  4. Tr\u00ean EPIRB, \u0111\u00e8n RLS s\u1ebd nh\u1ea5p nh\u00e1y<\/strong>, cho th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u b\u00e1o n\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    L\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a RLS:<\/h4>\n

    \u2705 Gi\u1ea3m lo l\u1eafng cho thuy\u1ec1n vi\u00ean<\/strong> khi bi\u1ebft t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u c\u1ea5p c\u1ee9u \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ebfn n\u01a1i c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft.
    \u2705 Gi\u00fap SAR (Search and Rescue) ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n<\/strong>, v\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u1eb7p n\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 y\u00ean t\u00e2m ch\u1edd c\u1ee9u h\u1ed9 thay v\u00ec c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng g\u1eedi l\u1ea1i t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n.
    \u2705 T\u0103ng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng s\u1ed1ng s\u00f3t<\/strong>, v\u00ec t\u00e2m l\u00fd \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01a1n gi\u00fap ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u1eb7p n\u1ea1n duy tr\u00ec t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n trong khi ch\u1edd c\u1ee9u h\u1ed9.<\/p>\n

    3. \u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a AIS EPIRB<\/strong><\/h2>\n