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SOLAS Solas l\u00e0 g\u00ec ?\u00a0SOLAS l\u00e0 vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft c\u1ee7a International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea , t\u1ee9c C\u00f4ng \u01b0\u1edbc Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf v\u1ec1 An to\u00e0n Sinh m\u1ea1ng tr\u00ean Bi\u1ec3n. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng \u01b0\u1edbc quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn an to\u00e0n h\u00e0ng h\u1ea3i v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c H\u00e0ng h\u1ea3i Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf (IMO) qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd. M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau ch\u00ednh: M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a SOLAS l\u00e0 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf nh\u1eb1m \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an to\u00e0n cho t\u00e0u thuy\u1ec1n, th\u1ee7y th\u1ee7 \u0111o\u00e0n, h\u00e0nh kh\u00e1ch v\u00e0 h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n tr\u00ean bi\u1ec3n. C\u00f4ng \u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 v\u1ec1 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng, trang b\u1ecb v\u00e0 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh t\u00e0u \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u r\u1ee7i ro tai n\u1ea1n v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1. L\u1ecbch s\u1eed h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh: SOLAS \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00f4ng qua v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1914 sau th\u1ea3m h\u1ecda ch\u00ecm t\u00e0u Titanic n\u0103m 1912, khi h\u01a1n 1.500 ng\u01b0\u1eddi thi\u1ec7t m\u1ea1ng do thi\u1ebfu c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p an to\u00e0n c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft nh\u01b0 xu\u1ed3ng c\u1ee9u sinh. C\u00e1c phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt v\u00e0o c\u00e1c n\u0103m 1929, 1948, v\u00e0 1960. Tuy nhi\u00ean, phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n SOLAS 1974 hi\u1ec7n \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i, b\u1ed5 sung \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n h\u00e0ng h\u1ea3i hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i. N\u1ed9i dung ch\u00ednh: SOLAS bao g\u1ed3m nhi\u1ec1u ch\u01b0\u01a1ng, m\u1ed7i ch\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a an to\u00e0n h\u00e0ng h\u1ea3i. D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 n\u1ed9i dung ch\u00ednh: Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng I – Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u chung : Quy \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng, ki\u1ec3m tra v\u00e0 ch\u1ee9ng nh\u1eadn c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n an to\u00e0n. Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng II-1 – C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac, ph\u00e2n khoang v\u00e0 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh : \u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00e0u c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng ch\u00ecm v\u00e0 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh trong m\u1ecdi \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n. Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng II-2 – Ph\u00f2ng ch\u00e1y, ch\u1eefa ch\u00e1y v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ch\u00e1y : Quy \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u00f2ng ch\u00e1y ch\u1eefa ch\u00e1y tr\u00ean t\u00e0u. Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng III – Thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u1ee9u sinh : Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 xu\u1ed3ng c\u1ee9u sinh, phao c\u1ee9u sinh v\u00e0 c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u1ee9u h\u1ed9 kh\u00e1c. Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng IV – Th\u00f4ng tin v\u00f4 tuy\u1ebfn : Quy \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng li\u00ean l\u1ea1c v\u00f4 tuy\u1ebfn kh\u1ea9n c\u1ea5p. Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng V – An to\u00e0n h\u00e0ng h\u1ea3i : Bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 d\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng, kh\u00ed t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm c\u1ee9u n\u1ea1n. Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng VI – Ch\u1edf h\u00e0ng : H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn an to\u00e0n khi v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a, bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 h\u00e0ng nguy hi\u1ec3m. Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng VII – V\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n h\u00e0ng nguy hi\u1ec3m : Quy \u0111\u1ecbnh chi ti\u1ebft v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch x\u1eed l\u00fd v\u00e0 v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a nguy hi\u1ec3m. Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng XI-2 – B\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 t\u00e0u v\u00e0 c\u1ea3ng : Li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn an ninh h\u00e0ng h\u1ea3i, bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ch\u1ed1ng kh\u1ee7ng b\u1ed1 v\u00e0 c\u01b0\u1edbp bi\u1ec3n. \u00dd ngh\u0129a: SOLAS l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng ph\u00e1p l\u00fd quan tr\u1ecdng gi\u00fap c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a IMO c\u00f9ng tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n an to\u00e0n chung. C\u00f4ng \u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 t\u00ednh m\u1ea1ng con ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00e0 c\u00f2n g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng bi\u1ec3n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 nh\u01b0 tr\u00e0n d\u1ea7u ho\u1eb7c ch\u00ecm t\u00e0u. C\u00f4ng \u01b0\u1edbc SOLAS (International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea) hi\u1ec7n \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n SOLAS 1974 , \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00fd k\u1ebft v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 1 th\u00e1ng 11 n\u0103m 1974 t\u1ea1i Lu\u00e2n \u0110\u00f4n, Anh Qu\u1ed1c . Th\u00f4ng tin chi ti\u1ebft: \u0110\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m : Lu\u00e2n \u0110\u00f4n, Anh Qu\u1ed1c \u2013 n\u01a1i \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u1ee5 s\u1edf c\u1ee7a T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c H\u00e0ng h\u1ea3i Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf (IMO). Th\u1eddi gian : Ng\u00e0y 1 th\u00e1ng 11 n\u0103m 1974. \u00dd ngh\u0129a : SOLAS 1974 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u1eb7t trong vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n an to\u00e0n h\u00e0ng h\u1ea3i to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u, thay th\u1ebf c\u00e1c phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t khung ph\u00e1p l\u00fd linh ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh khi c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft. T\u1ea1i sao SOLAS 1974 quan tr\u1ecdng? Phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00f4ng qua sau nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eadp k\u1ef7 c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn t\u1eeb c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng \u01b0\u1edbc tr\u01b0\u1edbc (nh\u01b0 SOLAS 1960), nh\u1eb1m gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c m\u1edbi c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh h\u00e0ng h\u1ea3i, bao g\u1ed3m s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a t\u00e0u container, t\u00e0u ch\u1edf d\u1ea7u l\u1edbn v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 h\u00e0ng h\u1ea3i hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, SOLAS 1974 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf “ch\u1ec9nh s\u1eeda tacit acceptance” (ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn ng\u1ea7m), cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u l\u1ef1c sau m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i t\u1eeb c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y gi\u00fap c\u00f4ng \u01b0\u1edbc lu\u00f4n c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c h\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf m\u1ed7i l\u1ea7n thay \u0111\u1ed5i. SOLAS l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng \u01b0\u1edbc mang t\u00ednh to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u, \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 then ch\u1ed1t trong vi\u1ec7c n\u00e2ng cao an to\u00e0n h\u00e0ng h\u1ea3i v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 sinh m\u1ea1ng con ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u00ean bi\u1ec3n. Vi\u1ec7c tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 SOLAS l\u00e0 b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c t\u00e0u th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf v\u00e0 c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a IMO. Hi v\u1ecdng qua b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft s\u1ebd gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Solas l\u00e0 g\u00ec. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n th\u00eam th\u00f4ng tin, h\u00e3y li\u00ean h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi ch\u00fang t\u00f4i : 097 800 1968 ( \u0110T\/ ZALO) LINK DNV ABS NK CCS VR Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n IMO v\u1ec1 SART <\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3482,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[158],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3471","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-update-news"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/antoanhanghai.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3471","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/antoanhanghai.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/antoanhanghai.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/antoanhanghai.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/antoanhanghai.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3471"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/antoanhanghai.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3471\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3480,"href":"https:\/\/antoanhanghai.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3471\/revisions\/3480"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/antoanhanghai.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3482"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/antoanhanghai.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3471"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/antoanhanghai.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3471"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/antoanhanghai.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3471"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}